Three way catalyst (TWC), also known as three-way catalytic converter, is a technology that converts harmful gases such as CO, HC, and NOx in automobile exhaust into harmless carbon dioxide, water, and nitrogen through oxidation and reduction reactions. This process mainly relies on a three-way catalyst, which uses porous ceramic materials or metal carriers as support and is covered with a layer of precious metals such as platinum, rhodium, palladium, and rare earth coatings. The three-way catalyst is known as a key external purification device in the automotive exhaust system, aiming to effectively purify harmful gases and protect the environment.

1. Working principle of ternary catalysis

The three-way catalyst, as the core component of automobile exhaust purification, works by utilizing the oxygen in high-temperature automobile exhaust to convert harmful gases such as CO, hydrocarbons, and NOx into harmless carbon dioxide, water, and nitrogen through a special catalyst. This process requires an appropriate air-fuel ratio to ensure sufficient oxygen is involved in the reaction.

2. Maintenance of ternary catalysis

Given the generally poor quality of fuel in China, which may contain impurities such as sulfur and phosphorus that can affect three-way catalytic converters, regular cleaning and maintenance are crucial. These maintenance measures not only help extend the service life of the three-way catalyst, but also ensure its continuous and effective exhaust purification effect.

3. New technologies and precautions

With the development of technology, new types of ternary catalytic materials and processes continue to emerge. During use, it is important to follow the manufacturer's recommendations to ensure that the new car or newly installed three-way catalyst can adapt to the new fuel quality and technical standards. Meanwhile, follow the relevant usage and maintenance guidelines to ensure the performance and lifespan of the three-way catalyst.

4. Effect evaluation and cleaning effectiveness

The purification effect of a three-way catalyst can be evaluated through professional equipment. In addition, regular cleaning can remove carbon deposits and impurities attached to the catalyst, restore its activity, and thus improve the purification effect. Therefore, the evaluation of cleaning effectiveness is also an important step in ensuring the continuous and effective operation of the three-way catalyst.

5. Maintenance effect

By implementing reasonable maintenance measures such as regular cleaning and inspection, the three-way catalyst can be ensured to be in optimal working condition at all times. These maintenance measures not only help extend its service life, but also ensure efficient and stable purification of automobile exhaust.