The ternary catalyst, known as the ternary catalytic converter, is the core component of the automobile exhaust purification device.The ternary catalyst plays a decisive role in the purification process of automobile exhaust gas. It can convert harmful gases into harmless gases, effectively reducing the pollution of automobile exhaust gases to the environment.This paper will comprehensively analyze the principle, composition, function and research and development prospect of the ternary catalyst, in order to present a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the ternary catalyst.

The working principle of the ternary catalyst is based on the redox reaction. Through the active sites on the surface of the catalyst, the harmful gases in the exhaust gas are chemically reacted and converted into harmless gases.The ternary catalyst is usually composed of precious metals (such as platinum, palladium and rhodium). These precious metals have high catalytic activity and stability, and can continue to play a role at high temperatures.

The main components of the ternary catalyst include the precious metal active component, the carrier and the auxiliary agent.The precious metal active component is responsible for the catalytic reaction, which converts harmful gases into harmless gases; the carrier is used to provide a large number of active sites and increase the surface area of the catalytic reaction; the auxiliary agent can improve the activity and stability of the catalyst and prolong the service life of the catalyst.

The role of the ternary catalyst in the purification process of automobile exhaust gas is very important. Firstly, it can oxidize CO (carbon monoxide) into CO2 (carbon dioxide) in exhaust gas, reducing the pollution of carbon monoxide to the atmosphere.Secondly, ternary catalyst can oxidize HC (hydrocarbon) into CO2 and water in exhaust gas, reducing the harm of hydrocarbon to the environment.Finally, ternary catalyst can also reduce NOx (nitrogen oxide) into nitrogen and water in exhaust gas, effectively reducing the impact of nitrogen oxide on air quality.

With the increasingly stringent environmental protection laws and regulations, the importance of automobile exhaust purification technology is becoming more and more prominent.Therefore, the research and development and optimization of ternary catalyst has become a key topic in the field of automobile exhaust purification technology.At present, researchers are working hard to improve the catalytic activity, stability and durability of ternary catalyst to meet the requirements of higher emission standards.In addition, reducing the cost of ternary catalyst and improving its mass production capacity is also one of the focuses of current research.

In summary, as the core component of automobile exhaust purification device, ternary catalyst has an irreplaceable role.It converts harmful gases into harmless gases through efficient catalytic reaction, making a great contribution to the treatment of automobile exhaust pollution.In the face of increasingly stringent environmental protection requirements, the research and development and optimization of ternary catalyst still have a long way to go. We expect that in the near future, three-way catalysts will play a greater role in helping automobile exhaust purification technology to make new breakthroughs.